Hand tools are some of the most frequently used tools on a construction site and are needed for completing tasks that range from simple measuring and cutting to more complex operations. 

However, these tools can pose a significant risk if they are not used correctly or maintained properly. 

That’s why you must know the hazards associated with hand tools and take the necessary precautions to ensure everyone’s safety.

What are Hand Tools

Hand tools are tools that are powered by hand, such as hammers, wrenches, pliers, screwdrivers, and saws. 

These tools are used to perform tasks that require manual dexterity and precision, and they come in various shapes and sizes. 

Some are designed for specific tasks, while others are versatile and can be used for multiple applications.

Common Hazards of Hand Tools

Hand tools can pose several hazards on a construction site. Let’s look at some of the most common hazards associated with hand tools.

Struck-By Injuries

Struck-by injuries occur quite often on construction sites, and they can happen when you least expect it. 

These injuries occur when a hand tool or a part of it strikes an individual, causing injury. 

For example, a hammer may slip from your hand and strike a co-worker nearby. 

Other common examples of struck-by injuries include:

• A screwdriver falling from a scaffold and hitting a worker below
• A wrench slipping from someone’s grip and hitting someone nearby
• A nail gun firing accidentally and hitting a worker

Lacerations

Lacerations are cuts caused by sharp hand tools, such as saws and knives. 

These injuries are no joke and can be severe and require medical attention. 

Let’s look at some examples of hand tool-related lacerations:

• A worker cutting themselves with a utility knife while opening a package 
• A saw slipping and cutting a worker’s hand
• A worker accidentally stepping on a rake, causing the handle to fly up and hit them in the face

Fractures

Hand tools can cause fractures when they are misused or handled carelessly. 

Even using a wrench as a hammer can cause the wrench to break and cause injury. 

Here are some examples of hand tool-related fractures:

• A worker hitting their hand with a hammer while trying to drive a nail
• A worker slipping while using a saw and injuring their hand
• A worker dropping a heavy hand tool on their foot, causing a fracture

Electrical Shock

Hand tools that are not properly grounded or insulated can cause electrical shock, especially when used near live wires. 

Here are some examples of hand tool-related electrical injuries could happen:

• Someone using an ungrounded drill and accidentally coming into contact with a live wire
• Using a saw to cut into a wall and hitting a live wire, causing electrical shock
• Using an ungrounded grinder and accidentally touching a metal surface, causing electrical shock

Eye Injuries

Eye injuries can happen when using hand tools that generate debris or sparks, such as grinders and saws. 

Let’s look at few examples of hand tool-related eye injuries:

• Using a grinder without proper eye protection, causing debris to enter their eye
• A worker using a saw to cut wood and a splinter entering their eye
• Someone using a hammer to remove a nail and a piece of metal flying into their eye

Precautions for Hand Tools Safety

To prevent accidents and injuries when using hand tools, it’s best to follow these precautions.

• Inspect your tools – Always inspect your hand tools before using them. Check for any cracks, chips, or other damage that may compromise their performance.

• Use the right tool for the job – Make sure to use the correct tool for the task at hand. Using the wrong tool will most likely cause accidents and injuries.

• Wear appropriate PPE – Wear personal protective equipment (PPE), such as safety glasses, gloves, and hearing protection, when using hand tools.

• Maintain a safe working area – Keep the work area clean and free of clutter to reduce the risk of tripping and falling.

• Proper handling – Use hand tools with proper handling and never use them inappropriately or as a substitute for other tools.

• Keep blades and cutting edges sharp – Dull tools can lead to slipping and mishandling, causing injuries.

• Never carry sharp tools in your pockets – Always carry sharp tools in a tool belt or a toolbox to avoid accidental injuries.

Hand tools are a big part of the construction industry, and they can be dangerous if not used correctly. 

By understanding the hazards associated with hand tools and taking the necessary precautions, you can minimize the risk of accidents and injuries.